Improvement in looms



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Improvement in Looms. No, 129,602, Patented July 16, 1872.

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Improvement in Looms.

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Improvement in Looms.

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Improvement in Looms.

N0.129,602. Patentedlulyl6,1872.

' OUQCU. @Eis UNITED STATES JAMES SHORT, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 129,602, dated July 16,1872.

. Specification describing a new and Improved Loom, invented by JAMESSHORT, of New Brunswick, in the county of Middlesex and State of NewJersey.

This invention relates to a positive-motion loom with a suitable numberof shuttles, of which either one can be used at any one time, all othersbeing held at rest until they are to be used one after another, whichpermits the weaving of many-colored fabrics on a loom whose length ofshuttle-motion is unlimited. The shuttle-carrier is detachable from thebelt, so that it can be detained at one end of the loom and the beltmoved along'in the same direction without disturbing the position of thecarrier. At the ends. of the shuttle-race are vibrating frames, eachframe containing a series of shuttle-boxes or end sections of the race,and a shuttle and carrier within each section. At the end of any oneshuttle-Inotion either one of these sections or boxes can be moved tobring another shuttle within line of the main 'shuttle-race and inconnection with the belt. An important feature of the invention consistsinimparting to the belt such motion, and in so connecting it that itcan, after having moved a shuttle in one direction, be continued in thesame direction to bring another shuttle from the end whence the formerwas conveyed; although, if required, the belt may also be moved in theopposite direction either to return the first shuttle or to move anotheron the return stroke. By this motion of the belt in either direction, inconnection with a suitable box-shiftin g mechanism, I am enabled to takeat any one stage of the operation any one shuttle from either end of theloom for use. Thus, whatever the number of shuttles employed in a fabricand the number of different-colored spools they carry, the operator haspower to use them in suitable succession.

Apart from the above-mentioned principal feature of my invention thereare other improvements necessary for their execution or for facilitatingthe same. .Thus there 1s a cam mechanism for automatically regulatingthe belt-motion on a predetermined design. With similar purpose theabovementioned vibrating frames are moved to bring the several shuttlesrangement of cranks and devices for moving the shuttle-race and the endsections with reference to each other, all as hereinafter more fullydescribed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of myimproved loom. Fig. 2 is a detail longitudinal section of the shuttle,shuttle-carrier, and belt, showing their connection. Fig. 3 is an endelevation, partly in section, of the loom; Fig. 4, a top view, partly insection, and Fig. 5 a vertical transverse section of the same. Fig. 6 isa side elevation, showing means for reversing the motion of band-wheel.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents the frame of the loom. B is the shuttle-race, supported byarms a a on a rock-shaft or pins, so that it may be vibrated forward andback to serve the purpose of a lay or batten. By means of rods b b thisshuttle-race and batten is connected with the cranks c c of arock-shaft, G, from which it receives the desired motion. A crank, d,Fig. 3, of the shaft 0, is, by a rod, 0, connected with a crank, f, Fig.4, of a revolving shaft, D, so that the rotations of the latter producethe oscillations of the shaft 0, and the consequent vibrations of thebatten B. A crank, g, Fig. 4, at the outer end of the shaft D, has itswrist-pin fitted into the slot or groove of a wheel, E, the center ofsaid wheel being so far eccentric to the axis of the shaft D that thewrist-pin of the crank 9 may nearly but not quite reach the center ofthe wheel, the slot or groove extending diametrically across the face ofthe latter, as. shown in Fig. 3. When the wheel E is revolved byconnection with a drivingpinion, h, or otherwise, with even speed, itwill, by its connection with the shaft D, also impart rotary motion tothe same. But this motion of the shaft is not at all even or equal, forthe crank when, in the outer part of the slot or groove turns muchquicker than when in the inner part or nearer the center of the same;therefore the shaft makes one part of its rotation very quick, while theother part is so slow as almost to be stationary. The effect of thismotion on the shaft 0 and batten B is that the latter is moved quicklyforward and back to lay the thread and return, and then held at rest toallow the'shuttle-motion. The ends of the shuttle-race B are between twoframes F F, both of which are pivoted at their lower ends to the frameA. Each of the frames F contains two or more grooves or channels, ar-'ranged horizontally and of the same form in cross-section as theshuttle-guide in the batten B, so that either one of the channels in oneand both of the frames F can be placed in line with the shuttle-race B,to constitute an exact continuation of the same. G, Fig. 1, is theshuttle-belt-i. 6., the belt or band by which the shuttle-carriers andshuttles are conveyed through the race-way. This belt is connected withan operative drum, H, beneath the shuttle race in such manner that whensaid drum is turned in one direction or the other the belt will be movedin one direction or the other through the race-way. Within the race-waythe belt is supported on small friction-rollers i, that hang in therace-way, and, therefore,

the upper part of the belt is moved forward and back whenever therace-way is swung to serve as a batten. v In arms j j, Fig. 4.,projectin g from the ends of the race-way underneath the channels of theframes F, are the bearings of rollers ll, over which the belt passesdownward, as shown in Fig. 1. These rollers Z are about under the middleof the channels F, lengthwise considered. The number of shuttle-carriersI used at any one time on the loom should at least be one less than thejoint number of channelsin the two endframes F. Thus, if each end frameF has two channels, making four in all ,three shuttle-carriers andshuttles can be used, or five when each end frame has three channels.Every shuttle-carrier I has its own shuttle J, which rests with itswheels m m on and between wheels n n of the carrier, as is clearly shownin Fig. 2, the lower warp-threads passing between the said wheels m itduring the shuttle-motion in manner usually employed in positive-motionlooms. The connection between the belt G and a shuttle-carrier, I, isestablished by means of an ear or lug, 0, projecting from the formerinto a mortise or recess in the under side of the latter, in the mannerclearly illustrated in Fig. 2. When the belt has conveyed ashuttle-carrier to one end of its course, placing it into one channel ofa frame, F, and the belt should then continue to move in the directionin which it was moved to so convey the carrier, the lug 0 will, as itpasses over the roller 1, be withdrawn from the recess of the carrier,leaving the same in the frame F. At the same time another lug, 0, on thebelt may enter the recess in another carrier at the other end of theloom and convey such other carrier in the same direction in which thefirst was moved. If, however, instead of being moved in the samedirection, the motion of the belt were reversed, it would take the firstcarrier and shuttle back, unless before the return motion the frame Freceiving such first carrier and shuttle had been vibrated to bringanother channel with another carrier and shuttle in line with therace-way, in which case such other shuttle will be carried'alon g by thebelt during the return motion of the latter. In this manner any one ofthe shuttles may be connected with the belt and carried through thewarp. The frames F F are shifted at the termination of eachshuttle-motion to withdraw, if necessary, the carrier last used from thebelt and bring another in contact with it, or may be left at rest toretain the same shuttle in action, all in accordance with the design tobe produced. The motion imparted to these frames F is, therefore, ofgreat importance, as it really regulates the successive use of theshuttles. The motion of the vibrating frames F F, Fig. 3, is, by meansof rods 19 and cranks q, derived from a shaft, L, which is, bygear-wheels 1', r, Fig. 4, connected with the shaft D, and consequentlyturned with a similar alternation of rapidity and slowness, so that eachframe F will be moved to shift the shuttles while the batten is layingthe weft, and then will remain at rest. In the present case I havearranged for using two shuttle-boxes on each side of the loom, and thegear-wheels 1", which transmit motion from D to L, are as one to two intheir relative diameters in order to let the shaft L turn once while Dturns twice. This, with a suitable arrangement of the cranks, will havethe effect of swinging the frames F forward, and then leaving them atrest during one throw of the batten, and of swinging them backward andthen leaving them at rest during the subsequent throw of the batten, sothat two boxes are alternately in line with the batten at each throw ofthe shuttle. This arrangement of moving the frames F may, however, bevaried in accordance with the greater or less irregularity of the designto be produced. Thus,

when the shuttle last moved is to be returned by the next belt-motion,the frame F receiving it should not at all be moved, but should re mainstationary. In fact, I desire it to be understood that I do not confinemyself to anyparticular mechanism for shifting the end frames F. Thebelt wheel or drum H, Fig. 1, is mounted upon a shaft, M, receivingrotary motion from one of two bevel-wheels, s 8 Fig. 4, that are affixedto a rotating tube, N, which loosely embraces the shaft D. Thebevel-pinion t on the shaft M is in gear with-one of the wheels s or 8the motion being reversed as the con'- tact with these wheels ischanged. The shaft M is consequently so hung in a swivel-bearin g, u,and in a sliding bearing, v, Fig. 5, that, by motion imparted to thelatter, it can be carried in contact with one or the other of thebevelwheels 8 or 8 thereby to turn the drum H and belt G in onedirection or the other. on the shaft 0 (see Fig. 6) is located awedge-cam, z, which works in the notch 0 and shifts bearing-bar V sothat pinion t is broughtinto gear with bevel-wheel s. As soon, however,as the cam has passed through said notch the spring 0 throws back thebar V and causes the pinion t to gear with the bevel-wheel s. The shaft0 derives its rotation from the shaft L by means of the gear-wheels a a,Fig. 1. A modification of this shifting mechanism is shown in Figs. 1and 4 of drawing. The sliding bearing 11, in this modification, has aprojecting arm, to, (see Fig. 1,) entering a groove of a sleeve, 00,which is hung loose on a shaft, 0. The sleeve a: has two projectingwings, y y. The shaft L carries a cam-disk, 2, which, during therotation of L, comes with its oblique faces alternately against one andthe other of the wings y y, and thereby causes the sleeve w, and with itthe slide 0;, to be moved so as to shift the shaft M into gear with oneor the other of the wheels 8 s. The mechanism for thus shifting theshaft M may, however, be materially varied. The tube N, which carriesthe wheels .9 s is fitted loose upon the shaft D, and has a crank, cl atits end, whose wristpin enters the slot or groove of the wheel E in thesame manner as the crank g of the shaft D enters the same slot orgroove, the two cranks, however, being in the respective halves of saidslot or groove. The rotation of the tube N. will thus also bealternately fast and slow, but in so far different from that of theshaft D that the belt G will be moved while the race-way is at rest, andvice versa.

In Figs. 1 and 4 but one frame, F that on the right-hand side-is shown;but every loom will, of course, have one such frame F at each end,unless the shuttle-motion can invariably be duplicated, in which casebut one frame F need be used.

' Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. In combination with the detachableshuttle-carrier having recess to receive lug o, the belt G and actuatingmechanism, substantially as described, to reciprocate the belt in eitherdirection, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a positive-motion loom, the band-wheel H mounted upon a vibratingshaft, M, which derives its motion from one of two wheels 8 s, and isautomatically changed from contact with the same, as set forth.

3. In combination withthe batten, the frames F, operated by a shaft, L,in gear with a shaft, D, that actuates the batten, both being arrangedand operating with relation to each other in the manner and for thepurpose described.

4. The grooved wheel E, combined with the cranks g d of shaft D and tubeN, as and for the purpose described.

5. The tube N carrying wheels 8 s and crank d that works in groove ofWheel E, in combi-' nation with wheel H, shaft M, and slide-bar V, asand for the purpose described.

6. In combination with swivel-shaft M having wheel H and pinion t, thecam c on shaft 0 and the sliding bar V, notched at c and having spring 0as set forth, for reversing the motion of the band-wheel of afriction-motion loom.

JAMES SHORT.

Witnesses A. V. BRIESEN, T. B. MOSHER.

